{"id":803,"date":"2016-07-08T12:00:29","date_gmt":"2016-07-08T10:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.labex-palm.fr\/des-cristaux-de-wigner-bidimensionnels-adressables\/"},"modified":"2019-07-10T14:52:45","modified_gmt":"2019-07-10T12:52:45","slug":"des-cristaux-de-wigner-bidimensionnels-adressables","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.labex-palm.fr\/en\/des-cristaux-de-wigner-bidimensionnels-adressables\/","title":{"rendered":"Des cristaux de Wigner bidimensionnels adressables"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Dans le cadre du projet SLAB, une \u00e9quipe du LPT et du LPTMS, en collaboration avec l’Universit\u00e9 Technique de Vienne, a observ\u00e9 un processus d’auto-organisation des particules charg\u00e9es, qui peuvent former une \u00e9tonnante vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de structures, contr\u00f4lables de fa\u00e7on fine par des param\u00e8tres ext\u00e9rieurs.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Des cristaux de sel aux opales iridescentes, la diversit\u00e9 des structures cristallines que l’on peut rencontrer est frappante. Les syst\u00e8mes collo\u00efdaux en particulier peuvent s’assembler spontan\u00e9ment pour former des structures ordonn\u00e9es, par un proc\u00e9d\u00e9 d\u00e9nomm\u00e9 auto-organisation. Une collaboration impliquant deux chercheurs PALM, ainsi que leurs coll\u00e8gues viennois et slovaques, vient de montrer que de nouvelles structures peuvent \u00eatre obtenues et contr\u00f4l\u00e9es, lorsque des objets charg\u00e9s identiques (en interaction r\u00e9pulsive) sont soumis au confinement induit par des plaques elles-m\u00eames charg\u00e9es. Des variations faibles de la distance entre plaques, ou de leur charge, conduisent \u00e0 des r\u00e9organisations complexes. Emergent ainsi des structures in\u00e9dites, qui peuvent \u00eatre de sym\u00e9trie triangulaire, quadrangulaire, ou encore pentagonale. Ces derni\u00e8res sont inhabituelles, et peuvent \u00eatre des pr\u00e9curseurs d’un ordre quasi-cristallin. Chacune des deux couches poss\u00e8de sa propre sym\u00e9trie, tandis que la stabilit\u00e9 de l’ensemble requiert une intrication fine des deux ordres.<\/p>\n

Le travail g\u00e9n\u00e9ralise aux bicouches charg\u00e9es les \u00e9tudes pionni\u00e8res de Wigner dans les ann\u00e9es 1930 sur les monocouches, confirm\u00e9es bien apr\u00e8s par des exp\u00e9riences mettant en jeu<\/span> des \u00e9lectrons au voisinage d’une surface d’h\u00e9lium. Cette \u00e9tude a n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 le croisement de calculs analytiques, avec les r\u00e9sultats de simulations num\u00e9riques de type Monte Carlo, ainsi qu’inspir\u00e9es des algorithmes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques. Les perspectives d’application concernent les semi-conducteurs, les plasmas ioniques ou encore les syst\u00e8mes collo\u00efdaux<\/p>\n

\"SLAB\"<\/div>\n

Diff\u00e9rentes structures pouvant \u00e9merger lorsque les particules sont maintenanues entre deux plaques charg\u00e9es. Au centre, le d<\/span><\/em>iagramme de phase dans le plan (\u03b7; A) o\u00f9 \u03b7 mesure la largeur de la dalle et A est l’asym\u00e9trie de charge bicouche. <\/em><\/em>
\n<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

R\u00e9f\u00e9rence <\/strong>:<\/strong> <\/span>Rich Polymorphic Behavior of Wigner Bilayers, M. Antlanger, G. Kahl, M. Mazars, L. \u0160amaj, and E. Trizac, Phys Rev Lett<\/em> 117, 118002<\/em> (2016).<\/p>\n

R\u00e9sultats obtenus dans le cadre du projet “Structures ordonn\u00e9es dans les syst\u00e8mes confin\u00e9s<\/strong><\/span>” (SLAB) financ\u00e9 par le th\u00e8me 2 du LabEx PALM et port\u00e9 par Martial Mazard et Emmanuel Trizac.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"LPT\"                                       \"LPTMS\"<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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