{"id":831,"date":"2014-07-08T11:53:33","date_gmt":"2014-07-08T09:53:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.labex-palm.fr\/les-isolants-topologiques-sondes-par-des-impulsions-laser-ultrarapides\/"},"modified":"2019-07-10T14:53:48","modified_gmt":"2019-07-10T12:53:48","slug":"les-isolants-topologiques-sondes-par-des-impulsions-laser-ultrarapides","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.labex-palm.fr\/en\/les-isolants-topologiques-sondes-par-des-impulsions-laser-ultrarapides\/","title":{"rendered":"Les isolants topologiques sond\u00e9s par des impulsions laser ultrarapides"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"art-article\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ffffff;\" valign=\"top\">\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/images\/highkights\/FASTMAP\/Fastmap.jpg\" alt=\"Fastmap\" width=\"70\" height=\"70\"><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #ffffff;\">&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #ffffff;\">&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #ffffff; text-align: justify;\"><strong style=\"color: #636f88; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>Le projet FASTMAP a permis d&#8217;\u00e9tudier la dynamique des \u00e9lectrons dans les isolants topologiques : ce nouvel \u00e9tat quantique de la mati\u00e8re&nbsp;est caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par des \u00e9tats \u00e9lectroniques conducteurs en surface, tandis qu\u2019ils sont isolants dans le volume. Les \u00e9lectrons de surface poss\u00e8dent une mobilit\u00e9 exceptionnelle et sont particuli\u00e8rement insensibles \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sence de d\u00e9fauts, ce qui ouvre de nouvelles perspectives pour transmettre le courant \u00e9lectrique et les informations avec une vitesse sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent.<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pour pouvoir exploiter ce potentiel, il est n\u00e9anmoins n\u00e9cessaire de pouvoir contr\u00f4ler ces \u00e9lectrons de surface sur une \u00e9chelle de temps tr\u00e8s courte, ce qui peut \u00eatre possible par exemple avec des impulsions de lumi\u00e8re ultra-br\u00e8ves. Une \u00e9quipe form\u00e9e par des chercheurs du LabEx PALM (Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Laboratoires des Solides Irradi\u00e9s, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Laboratoire d\u2019Optique Appliqu\u00e9e)&nbsp;a utilis\u00e9 une technique exp\u00e9rimentale nouvelle et tr\u00e8s puissante, la photo\u00e9mission angulaire avec une source laser femtoseconde, qui permet d\u2019observer en temps r\u00e9el la dynamique des bandes \u00e9lectroniques. Cette m\u00e9thode permet l\u2019observation directe de l\u2019\u00e9volution des \u00e9lectrons de surface qui, dans les isolants topologiques, sont organis\u00e9s dans des bandes avec une structure particuli\u00e8re \u2014le c\u00f4ne de Dirac\u2014 comme montr\u00e9 dans un article publi\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment dans la revue Nature Communications.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!-- JoomlaWorks \"AllVideos\" Plugin (v4.7.0) starts here --><\/p>\n<div class=\"avPlayerWrapper avVideo\">\n<div style=\"width:297px;\" class=\"avPlayerContainer\">\n<div id=\"AVPlayerID_0_fcc9546d9212228fdcccc5d28f7c73ac\" class=\"avPlayerBlock\">\n<div class=\"jwplayer playlist-none jw-user-inactive\" id=\"avID_AVPlayerID_0_fcc9546d9212228fdcccc5d28f7c73ac\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"width: 297px; height: 299px; background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); opacity: 1;\">\n<div class=\"jwclick\" id=\"avID_AVPlayerID_0_fcc9546d9212228fdcccc5d28f7c73ac_menu\" style=\"display: none;\">\n<div class=\"jwclick_item\">About JW Player 6.12.4956&#8230;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"jwmain\" id=\"avID_AVPlayerID_0_fcc9546d9212228fdcccc5d28f7c73ac_view\"><span class=\"jwvideo\" id=\"avID_AVPlayerID_0_fcc9546d9212228fdcccc5d28f7c73ac_media\" style=\"opacity: 0;\"><video x-webkit-airplay=\"allow\" webkit-playsinline=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(0.796791, 0.802139); 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opacity: 1;\"><span class=\"jwrailgroup Progress\"><span class=\"jwvolumeHProgressCapLeft\">&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"jwvolumeHProgress\">&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"jwvolumeHProgressCapRight jwcapRight\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"jwvolumeHCapRight\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"jwcast jwtoggle\"><span class=\"jwblankDivider\"><\/span><span><button tabindex=\"-1\" type=\"button\">&nbsp;<\/button><\/span><\/span><span class=\"jwfullscreen\"><span class=\"jwblankDivider\"><\/span><span><button tabindex=\"-1\" type=\"button\">&nbsp;<\/button><\/span><\/span><span class=\"jwcapRight\">&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"jwinstream\"><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"avID_AVPlayerID_0_fcc9546d9212228fdcccc5d28f7c73ac_jwpsrv\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0px; z-index: 10;\">\n<div class=\"afs_ads\" style=\"width: 1px; height: 1px; position: absolute; background: transparent;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"jwaspect\"><\/span><span class=\"jwplaylistcontainer\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><script type=\"text\/javascript\"><br \/>\n\tjwplayer('avID_AVPlayerID_0_fcc9546d9212228fdcccc5d28f7c73ac').setup({<br \/>\n\t\t'file': '\/images\/stories\/videos\/fastmap.m4v',<br \/>\n\t\t'image': '',<br \/>\n\t\t'height': '299',<br \/>\n\t\t'width': '297',<br \/>\n\t\t'autostart': 'true',<br \/>\n\t\t'repeat': 'false',<br \/>\n\t\t'controls': '1'<br \/>\n\t});<br \/>\n<\/script><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- JoomlaWorks \"AllVideos\" Plugin (v4.7.0) ends here --><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Film&nbsp;: s\u00e9quence d\u2019images de photo\u00e9mission angulaire ultrarapide qui r\u00e9v\u00e8le la dynamique des \u00e9lectrons photoexcit\u00e9s dans le c\u00f4ne de Dirac de l\u2019isolant topologique Bi<sub>2<\/sub>Te<sub>3<\/sub><\/span>&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Suite \u00e0 une impulsion laser, les \u00e9lectrons sont excit\u00e9s dans des \u00e9tats normalement vides et leur relaxation peut \u00eatre suivie en temps r\u00e9el dans des s\u00e9quences d\u2019images (voir le film) qui permettent de mesurer directement la dur\u00e9e de vie des excitations. Ces mesures, effectu\u00e9es sur plusieurs isolants topologiques de la famille Bi<sub>2<\/sub>Te<sub>3<\/sub>&nbsp;et Bi<sub>2<\/sub>Te<sub>2<\/sub>Se, ont montr\u00e9 que l\u2019on peut cr\u00e9er une asym\u00e9trie entre \u00e9lectrons et trous dans les \u00e9tats conducteurs de surface. Gr\u00e2ce aux propri\u00e9t\u00e9s uniques des fermions de Dirac, cela permet de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer avec la lumi\u00e8re des \u00e9tats \u00e9lectroniques fortement hors \u00e9quilibre et avec une dur\u00e9e de vie exceptionnellement longue, de plusieurs dizaines de picosecondes (voir la figure), ce qui est absolument sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent pour un \u00e9tat m\u00e9tallique.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 18px; color: #000000; text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/images\/highkights\/Capture_d\u00e9cran_2016-05-06_\u00e0_10.21.52.png\" alt=\"Capture d\u00e9cran 2016-05-06 \u00e0 10.21.52\" width=\"225\" height=\"250\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\"><em>Figure&nbsp;: \u00c9volution temporelle du c\u00f4ne de Dirac et des bandes \u00e9lectroniques de l\u2019isolant topologique Bi<sub>2<\/sub>Te<sub>3<\/sub>&nbsp;suite \u00e0 l\u2019excitation avec des impulsions laser ultrarapides.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Le d\u00e9placement transitoire du potentiel chimique des fermions de Dirac se traduit par un changement important de la barri\u00e8re \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique entre les bandes \u00e9lectro<span style=\"color: #586379;\">niques du volume et les \u00e9tats m\u00e9talliques de surface. Cette discontinuit\u00e9 correspond \u00e0 la barri\u00e8re de Schottky, le param\u00e8tre physique fondamental pour le fonctionnement des dispositifs comme les diodes semi-conductrices&nbsp;: la possibilit\u00e9 de modifier et de contr\u00f4ler cette barri\u00e8re avec des impulsions de lu<\/span>mi\u00e8re ultrarapides a donc un grand int\u00e9r\u00eat dans la perspective d\u2019utiliser les isolants topologiques pour une nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de dispositifs photoconducteurs.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>R\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/strong>&nbsp;:&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1038\/ncomms4003\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tuning a Schottky barrier in a photoexcited topological insulator with transient Dirac cone electron-hole asymmetry<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;M<span style=\"text-align: justify;\">. Hajlaoui, E. Papalazarou, J. Mauchain, L. Perfetti, A. Taleb-Ibrahimi, F. Navarin, M.&nbsp;Monteverde, P. Auban-Senzier, C.R. Pasquier, N. Moisan, D. Boschetto, M.&nbsp;Neupane, M.Z. Hasan, T. Durakiewicz, Z. Jiang, Y. Xu, I. Miotkowski, Y.P. Chen, S. Jia, H.W. Ji, R.J. Cava and M.&nbsp;Marsi.&nbsp;<\/span><em style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nature Communications<\/em><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">,&nbsp;<\/span><strong style=\"text-align: justify;\">5,<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: justify;\"> 3003, (2014).<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #1486d7;\">R\u00e9sultats obtenus dans le cadre du projet &#8221;&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"\/fr\/faits-marquants\/2014\/89-fastmap\">UltraFAST Band MAPping of complex materials with fs XUV sources<\/a>&#8221;&nbsp;<\/strong>(FASTMAP 2012-2015) financ\u00e9 par le th\u00e8me 3 du LabEx PALM et port\u00e9 par Marino Marsi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"color: #000000;\" src=\"\/images\/stories\/Logo_labo\/LPS.png\" alt=\"LPS\" width=\"122\" height=\"75\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/span><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"color: #000000;\" src=\"\/images\/stories\/Logo_labo\/LSI.jpg\" alt=\"LSI\" width=\"80\" height=\"75\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/span><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"color: #000000;\" src=\"\/images\/stories\/partenaires\/soleilquadri.jpg\" alt=\"soleilquadri\" width=\"154\" height=\"75\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/images\/stories\/Logo_labo\/LIDyL.jpg\" alt=\"LIDyL\" width=\"136\" height=\"75\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; Le projet FASTMAP a permis d&#8217;\u00e9tudier la dynamique des \u00e9lectrons dans les [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1472,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[41],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Les isolants topologiques sond\u00e9s par des impulsions laser ultrarapides - Labex-Palm<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.labex-palm.fr\/en\/les-isolants-topologiques-sondes-par-des-impulsions-laser-ultrarapides\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les isolants topologiques sond\u00e9s par des impulsions laser ultrarapides - Labex-Palm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; 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